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History
The Minangkabau emigrated from their homeland, Sumatera during
the 1600s and 1700s into Malaya. They settled in areas such
as Rembau, Naning and Sungai Ujong. These areas were under
the influence of the Johor-Riau Empire. The dismantling of
this Empire sparked insurrections in these areas in 1770.
The Minangkabau requested for protection from their homeland's
royal house, Pagar Ruyong. Raja Melewar reached Malaya soil
in 1773 and was conferred the first Yang Dipertuan Besar of
Negeri Sembilan.
The Minangkabau system of administration was unique whereby
each state in Negeri Sembilan has its own leader. A system
was then created to rotate each of the 9 head of state as
the overall head of Negeri Sembilan. This rotation system
has been adopted by present-day Malaysia for the appointment
of the country's Agong, or King. |
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The British intervened in the administration
of the state due to tin trade concerns. Martin Lister became the
first British Resident in Negeri Sembilan. In 1893, Sir Frank Swettenham
proposed for the formation of a federation to Sir Cecil Clement
Smith. The plan was to unite the states of Selangor, Perak, Pahang
and Negeri Sembilan under a central administration. The reason for
this was that the Resident system was found to be ineffective.
The
British government agreed with the proposal and Sir Frank Swettenham
was commissioned to get the agreements from all the rulers of the
state concerned. It was finally signed in 1896 and the states became
the Federated Malay States under the rule of a Resident-General.
The first Resident General was Sir Frank Swettenham. |
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The Federated Malay States was dismantled
when the Japanese invaded Malaya in 1941. With the withdrawal
of the Japanese in 1945, Negeri Sembilan was put under the
British Military Administration from September 1945.
In
October 1945, the British laid out the Malayan Union scheme
before the British Parliament. Under the scheme, Pulau Pinang,
Melaka and nine other Malay states were to be united under
the Malayan Union. Sir Harold MacMicheal was then entrusted
in obtaining the agreements from the Malay Rulers.
Malays opposition to the British plans to form the Malayan
Union catalyst the movement for Independence. Sparked by national
sentiments, Dato Onn Jaafar formed United Malays National
Organisation (UMNO) on 11 May 1946. The Malay Federation was
founded on 1 February 1948 and on 31 August 1957, Malaya achieved
Independence.
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